Friday 24 July 2015
نویسندگان
چکیده
We live in a world of rapidly changing advances in technology, particularly artificial intelligence and connectivity. Rather than a general artificial intelligence the reality is that we are moving more towards a world populated with specialist artificial intelligence systems. Therefore we are likely to have specialist medical intelligences, specialist engineering intelligences, etc. The reality of these applications has been relatively poor historically but we are moving to the stage of wide scale and rapid improvements. These improvements are powered by three major key trends/factors: 1. Improvements in processing power providing greater capacity at the device level. 2. Access to massive processing power via real time cloud computing systems along with business models that create scalable access. 3. The opening up of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) on top of the resultant systems that is allowing a flowering of risk taking and innovation. Massive investment into artificial intelligence and machine learning systems by IBM (Watson), Google, Microsoft, and Amazon along with a myriad of smaller start-up companies is fuelling this change. Many of these projects and companies will fail as we have seen in the history of investments in all sorts of technologies from the railway to solar panels. However the winning innovations are highly likely to have a significant impact on the world over the next 5 years. We are already seeing the implementation of systems in practical economic ways. MTR, the company that runs the Hong Kong subway system is already using an artificial intelligence to schedule and manage 10,000 people carrying out engineering and maintenance work on their system. IBM has allocated US$1 Billion to develop business models and applications built on top of their Watson Cogni-tive Computing Platform. They also announced in March the acquisition of AlchemyAPI which has 40,000 developers that have used its API platform. In medicine the technology is likely to be applied in three critical areas initially due to our inherent weaknesses as human beings. Medical augmentation: The amount of new information that is available on diagnosis and treatment of patients is impossible for any individual or team to keep up with. The capacity of artificial intelligence systems to augment medical systems will be grounded in two new capacities. The first is to process massive amounts of unstruc-tured data. The second is the capacity to avoid human cognitive biases. Just as in freestyle chess it will be a combination of humans and technology that …
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عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 62 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015